The Drin is the longest river in Albania with a total length of 160 km. It has two confluences, one into the Adriatic Sea and the other one into the Bojana River (Buna in Albanian). The Drin and its surrounding mountainous areas have a great variety of flora and fauna. Recently, many fish species have been introduced, such as the zander of northern Europe which is a predator of the native fish population. From Kukës, the Drin flows through northern Albania, first flowing through the Has area to the north, passing through the towns of Spas, Msi and Fierzë, and then, upon reaching the Dukagjini area, it descends to the south, flowing through Apripë e Gurit, Toplanë, Dushman, Koman, Vjerdhë Mazrrek, Rragam, and Pale Lalej. At Vau i Dejës, it enters the low Shkodra Field and splits into two arms. One empties into the Bay of Drin (Albanian: Pellg i Drinit) into the Adriatic Sea southwest of the city of Lezhë (The Mouth of Drin, Albanian: Gryk'e Drinit). The other empties into the Bojana River near the Rozafa Castle. Even though being a shorter branch by 15 km, the section that reaches the Bojana is called Great Drin (Drini i Madh in Albanian), because it brings much more water than the longer branch which reaches the sea. The Great Drin also once reached the sea but a major flood in 1858 cut it short from the sea, and breached through to the Bojana. The Great Drin is very wide and brings a huge amount of water (320 m³/s), but being short, some maps indicate it as a lake. After Vau i Dejës, the longer branch continues to the south, passing through Bushat, Mabë, Gajdër, Lezhë and Medes. South of Lezhë it enters the low and flooded littoral area and flowing through the marshes it finally reaches the Adriatic.
Albania’s energy capacities are generated to 95% by hydropower, mainly from five important hydropower plants located at the Drin and Mat River in Northern Albania. One of the most important among them is the hydropower plant in Fierza, with an installed capacity of 4x125MW, built from 1971-1978 with Chinese assistance. Although being the backbone of Albania’s power sector, during years these hydropower plants were poorly maintained, and suffered from antiquated sector policies and inefficient management. In 1994-1995, the Government of Albania, the national electricity company KESH, and different international financing institutions under the leadership of the EBRD, designed the Drin River Cascade Rehabilitation Project (DRCRP). The project was launched in late 1996. From 1997-2000, most project activities were suspended due to the public unrest after the breakdown of the pyramid saving schemes in Albania, due also to the pending electricity sector reforms. The Drin is extremely important for the Albanian economy, especially for its electricity production. Three dams are built over its cascades producing most of Albania's electricity. The artificial Lake Fierza (Albanian: Liqeni i Fierzës) created by the dam at Fierzë is the largest artificial lake in Albania with its surface of 73 km². The second largest lake is also built on this river. Lake Vau i Dejës (Liqeni i Vaut te Dejës in Albanian) has an area of 25 km². Construction of Fierza power station caused some controversy in the 1980s. Without reaching any agreement, the Albanian government ordered the reservoir to be filled with water, which in the end flooded some border areas of Kosovo, then part of Yugoslavia. The Yugoslav government protested, but no solution was agreed on. Thus, today, Lake Fierza is shared by Albania and Kosovo.
The Drin starts at the confluence of its two headwaters, the Black Drin in the city of Struga and White Drin in the city of Kukës in the Trektan area of eastern Albania. Measured from there until its end at the Adriatic sea, the Drin is 160 km (99 mi) long. However, measured from the source of White Drin, its length is 335 km (208 mi), making it the longest river that runs through Albania. The Black Drin (Crn Drim in Macedonian, Drini i Zi in Albanian) flows out from the Lake Ohrid in Struga and runs through the Republic of Macedonia and Albania. The White Drin (Beli Drim in Serbian, Drini i Bardhë in Albanian) originates from the Žljeb mountain, north of the town of Peć in the Dukagjin region of Kosovo, and runs from there through to Albania. From Kukës, the Drin flows through northern Albania, first flowing through the Has area to the north, passing through the towns of Spas, Msi and Fierzë, and then, upon reaching the Dukagjini area, it descends to the south, flowing through Apripë e Gurit, Toplanë, Dushman, Koman, Vjerdhë Mazrrek, Rragam, and Pale Lalej. At Vau i Dejës, it enters the low Shkodra Field and splits into two arms. One empties into the Bay of Drin (Albanian: Pellg i Drinit) into the Adriatic Sea southwest of the city of Lezhë (The Mouth of Drin, Albanian: Gryk'e Drinit). The other empties into the Bojana River near the Rozafa Castle. Even though being a shorter branch by 15 km, the section that reaches the Bojana is called Great Drin (Drini i Madh in Albanian), because it brings much more water than the longer branch which reaches the sea. The Great Drin also once reached the sea but a major flood in 1858 cut it short from the sea, and breached through to the Bojana. The Great Drin is very wide and brings a huge amount of water (320 m³/s), but being short, some maps indicate it as a lake. After Vau i Dejës, the longer branch continues to the south, passing through Bushat, Mabë, Gajdër, Lezhë and Medes. South of Lezhë it enters the low and flooded littoral area and flowing through the marshes it finally reaches the Adriatic.
